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RE : Science ou Fiction ? Mois de Mars 2008
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21/03/2008 à 19h52
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Premier exemple donc.
(Les articles que je citerai, ne seront tirés que journaux d'excptionnel qualité scientifique. Ici Plos, qui vise concurencer Science et Nature)
Je ne sais pas si vous vous rappeler la "nouvelle" du fix-up "La Faune de l'espace", où les humains rencontrent une espèce intelligente, évoluée à partir des oiseaux. Et ils ont un problème de communication.
L'abstract ci-dessous, m'y a fait penser.
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PLoS ONE. 2008 Mar 19;3(3):e1822.
Song diversity predicts the viability of fragmented bird populations.
Laiolo P, Vögeli M, Serrano D, Tella JL.
In the global scenario of increasing habitat fragmentation, finding appropriate indicators of population viability is a priority for conservation. We explored the potential of learned behaviours, specifically acoustic signals, to predict the persistence over time of fragmented bird populations. We found an association between male song diversity and the annual rate of population change, population productivity and population size, resulting in birds singing poor repertoires in populations more prone to extinction. This is the first demonstration that population viability can be predicted by a cultural trait (acquired via social learning). Our results emphasise that cultural attributes can reflect not only individual-level characteristics, but also the emergent population-level properties. This opens the way to the study of animal cultural diversity in the increasingly common human-altered landscapes.
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 Je ne dis pas que ce n'est pas injuste, mais je dis que cela soulage.
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RE : Science ou Fiction ? Mois de Mars 2008
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21/03/2008 à 20h14
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Exemple 2.
Du space opéra. Ou de la fantasy avec château fort et Cie.
Le E. coli envoye des espions les "Tcp". Ceux-ci, ressemblant aux chevaliers du Roi, les 2 gardiens chefs " TLR"- et " MyD88" se rendorment, voire lève le pont-levis. Du coup, l'ennemi peut passer.
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Nat Med. 2008 Mar 9
Subversion of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling by a unique family of bacterial Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing proteins (Tcp)
Cirl C, Wieser A, Yadav M, Duerr S, Schubert S, Fischer H, Stappert D, Wantia N, Rodriguez N, Wagner H, Svanborg C, Miethke T.
Pathogenic microbes have evolved sophisticated molecular strategies to subvert host defenses. Here we show that virulent bacteria interfere directly with Toll-like receptor (TLR) function by secreting inhibitory homologs of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. Genes encoding TIR domain containing-proteins (Tcps) were identified in Escherichia coli CFT073 (TcpC) and Brucella melitensis (TcpB). We found that TcpC is common in the most virulent uropathogenic E. coli strains and promotes bacterial survival and kidney pathology in vivo. In silico analysis predicted significant tertiary structure homology to the TIR domain of human TLR1, and we show that the Tcps impede TLR signaling through the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) adaptor protein, owing to direct binding of Tcps to MyD88. Tcps represent a new class of virulence factors that act by inhibiting TLR- and MyD88-specific signaling, thus suppressing innate immunity and increasing virulence.
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 Je ne dis pas que ce n'est pas injuste, mais je dis que cela soulage.
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RE : Science ou Fiction ? Mois de Mars 2008
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23/03/2008 à 05h52
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Exemple 4:
Le E. coli hier dans Nature, c'était plutôt la stratégie du camouflage à la Mystique de la bande à Magnéto.
Ci-dessous, publié aujourd'hui dans Science, une stratégie plus à la "Fléau" de la part du Staphylocoque doré :
j'explose tout sur mon passge, même les meilleurs défenses ennemies (le NO inactivé par le LDH)
| | | | | | Citation :
Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1672-6.
A nitric oxide-inducible lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enables Staphylococcus aureus to resist innate immunity.
Richardson AR, Libby SJ, Fang FC.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most successful human pathogens, colonizing 2 billion individuals worldwide and causing invasive infections even in immunocompetent hosts. S. aureus can evade multiple components of host innate immunity, including the antimicrobial radical nitric oxide (NO.) produced by activated phagocytes. We show that S. aureus is capable of metabolically adapting to nitrosative stress by expressing an NO.-inducible L-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh1, SACOL0222) divergently transcribed from the NO.-detoxifying flavohemoglobin (hmp). L-Lactate production allows S. aureus to maintain redox homeostasis during nitrosative stress and is essential for virulence. NO.-inducible lactate dehydrogenase activity and NO. resistance distinguish S. aureus from the closely related commensal species S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus. |
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 Je ne dis pas que ce n'est pas injuste, mais je dis que cela soulage.
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Science-fiction, fantastique, fantasy : Culture SF, toutes les littératures de l'imaginaire
© Culture SF 2003 / 2014 - Conception et réalisation : Aurélien Knockaert - Mise à jour : 08 juin 2014
nos autres sites : APIE People : rencontres surdoués - Traces d'Histoire
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